📄 Abstract
Pension security is a crucial component of social protection for government employees, particularly teachers, who heavily rely on post-retirement benefits for financial stability. Over the years, India shifted from the Old Pension Scheme (OPS) to the market-linked National Pension System (NPS), causing concern among teachers due to reduced financial certainty. In 2024, the Government introduced the Uni-fied Pension Scheme (UPS) to bridge the gap between OPS and NPS by providing a more assured pension structure. This research paper examines teachers preferences for OPS, NPS, and UPS in the state of Jharkhand, analysing awareness levels, perceived benefits, satis-faction levels, and factors influencing scheme preference. The study reveals that OPS remains the most preferred due to its guaranteed benefits, while NPS remains the least preferred. UPS, being new, shows moderate acceptance but faces awareness gaps. The findings are expected to support policymakers in designing more effective pension reforms for the teaching community.
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📚 How to Cite:
Achal Poddar, Dr Shradha Verma , A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TEACHERS' PREFERENCE FOR PENSION SCHEMES IN JHARKHAND: AN ANALYSIS OF OPS, NPS, AND THE UNIFIED PENSION SCHEME (UPS) , Volume 11 , Issue 11, November 2025, EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) , DOI: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra24958