📄 Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs), encompassing lanthanides, scandium, and yttrium, are pivotal in advancing medical science due to their unique magnetic, luminescent, and catalytic properties. This review comprehensively examines their applications in diagnostic imaging, oncology, biosensing, regenerative therapies, drug delivery, and antimicrobial strategies. We elucidate molecular mechanisms, evaluate biocompatibility and toxicity profiles, and address challenges such as resource scarcity, high production costs, and environmental impacts. Supported by clinical trial data, preclinical studies, and emerging nanotechnology trends, REEs demonstrate transformative potential in precision medicine. Sustainable mining, recycling, and regulatory harmonization are critical for their scalable integration by 2035. This paper aims to guide researchers, clinicians, and policymakers toward innovative REE-based solutions while advocating for eco-friendly practices.
🏷️ Keywords
📚 How to Cite:
Dr. Sanjay Bhajanker, Dr. R.P. Sharma , APPLICATIONS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW , Volume 11 , Issue 4, april 2025, EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) , DOI: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra21119