📄 Abstract
Philippine senior high school Physical Education places individual and dual sports and team sport in a single curricular strand, Health-optimizing Physical Education 2, without distinguishing the cardiorespiratory demand each modality places on adolescent learners. This cross-sectional comparative study estimated cardiorespiratory fitness among 127 Grade 11 students at Agusan National High School (Individual, track and field, n = 40; Dual, badminton, n = 42; Team, basketball, n = 45) using the Queens College Step Test, with heart rate recovery converted to estimated VO2max via sex-specific regression equations. One-way ANOVA showed a significant effect of sport modality on estimated VO2max, F(2, 124) = 5.68, p = .004, η² = .084. Bonferroni-corrected post hoc comparisons indicated that students in the Dual modality (M = 49.07 ml/kg/min, SD = 8.13) had significantly lower estimated VO2max than those in the Individual modality (M = 54.19, SD = 8.43, p = .019) and the Team modality (M = 54.47, SD = 8.32, p = .009), while Individual and Team did not differ significantly from each other (p = 1.00). As expected from established sex differences in aerobic capacity, male students showed substantially higher estimated VO2max than female students across all modalities, t(125) = 31.45, p < .001. The modality effect remained statistically significant after controlling for body mass index in an ANCOVA model (Dual vs. Individual: b = -5.10, p = .007), and BMI itself was not a significant covariate (p = .891), indicating the observed modality difference was not attributable to differences in body composition across groups. These findings suggest that badminton, as currently structured in this school's Dual sport track, may not elicit the same aerobic training stimulus as track and field or basketball, information relevant to how Philippine senior high schools sequence and supplement HOPE 2 sport offerings to support the subject's stated fitness objectives.
🏷️ Keywords
📚 How to Cite:
Louren P. Fulay , CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS ACROSS INDIVIDUAL, DUAL, AND TEAM SPORT MODALITIES AMONG FILIPINO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS , Volume 12 , Issue 7, July 2026, EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) , Pages: 84 - 88 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra30809