📄 Abstract
Sandhivata, commonly equated with osteoarthritis, is classified as a Vatavyadhi affecting the joints (sandhis) in Ayurvedic medicine. A thorough understanding of its diagnosis requires collating classical descriptions of nidana (etiology), sa?prapti (pathogenesis), and lak?a?a (clinical features), along with differential diagnosis (vyavacchedaka nidana) and the sama/nirama vata classification. This review analyzes authoritative texts (Caraka, Susruta, Madhava) and relevant studies to outline these aspects. Classical slokas note that aggravated Vata in joints causes swelling and pain: ??????????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ??????[1]. Key etiological factors include excessive exertion, trauma, and tissue depletion. Clinical signs (e.g. joint sotha, crepitus, and sula) are corroborated by both Caraka and Susruta[1][2]. Differentially, Sandhivata must be distinguished from traumas (upaghata vata), Amavata (rheumatoid arthritis), and reactive osteoarthritis[3]. Assessment of sama (with ama) vs. nirama (without ama) Vata is emphasized for guiding management[4]. This integrated diagnostic framework bridges classical and modern understanding of joint degeneration.
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📚 How to Cite:
Dr. Poojitha D S, Dr. Nandesh Mohan P, Dr. Vinutha Krishna Karki, Dr. Nisha Biswas T , DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH TO SANDHIVATA (OSTEOARTHRITIS) , Volume 12 , Issue 2, February 2026, EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) , DOI: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra25971