📄 Abstract
This study evaluates the financial performance and stability of selected Indian commercial banks using the CAMEL framework over a five-year period from FY 2018–19 to FY 2022–23, encompassing the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis focuses on five banks State Bank of India, HDFC Bank, Bank of Baroda, ICICI Bank, and YES Bank representing a mix of public and private sector institutions with varying operational characteristics. Using secondary data sourced from audited annual reports, RBI publications, and stock exchange filings, the study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach. The CAMEL model assesses five key dimensions: Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings Quality, and Liquidity. Each parameter is evaluated using relevant financial ratios, and a composite ranking is derived based on equal weighting. The findings reveal that HDFC Bank consistently outperforms its peers across most CAMEL parameters, demonstrating strong capital buffers, superior asset quality, high operational efficiency, and stable profitability. ICICI Bank shows significant improvement over the study period, particularly in asset quality and earnings, indicating a successful turnaround. SBI exhibits steady performance with gradual improvements, while Bank of Baroda faces challenges due to merger-related inefficiencies. YES Bank reflects the impact of its FY20 crisis, with weakened asset quality and profitability, though signs of recovery are observed in later years. The study highlights that asset quality, particularly the management of non-performing assets, is a critical determinant of overall financial soundness. The CAMEL framework proves to be an effective tool for comparative performance evaluation and early identification of financial vulnerabilities. The research provides valuable insights for policymakers, regulators, and banking professionals in strengthening risk management and ensuring long-term financial stability in the Indian banking sector.
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📚 How to Cite:
Mr. Prajwal Gowda B R, Prof. Anitha BM Dsilva , IMPACT OF CAMEL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS ON SELECTED INDIAN BANKING COMPANIES -A COMPARATIVE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE STUDY OF SBI, HDFC BANK, BANK OF BARODA, ICICI BANK, AND YES BANK , Volume 12 , Issue 7, July 2026, EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) , Pages: 1039 - 1044 ,