📄 Abstract
This study developed and validated a Reflective Competency-Based Workbook to improve the numeracy skills of students at Plaridel Integrated National High School. Using a descriptive-developmental design, the study assessed the workbook’s acceptability in terms of objectives, content, activities, and assessment. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, weighted mean, standard deviation, and paired samples t-test. Findings revealed that students had low mastery in arithmetic skills, particularly in division, while addition, subtraction, and multiplication were slightly learned. In data interpretation, learners had difficulty interpreting tables but showed some ability in reading graphs, analyzing trends, and drawing conclusions. Most respondents were at the beginning level in both arithmetic and data interpretation skills. Results showed a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores (p < 0.001), indicating that the workbook significantly improved students’ performance. Respondents also expressed high satisfaction with the workbook in terms of usability, appropriateness, and overall design. Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between the workbook’s acceptability and students’ numeracy skills. In conclusion, the Reflective Competency-Based Workbook was an effective tool in enhancing students’ numeracy skills. It is recommended for use in remedial classes and for further application in other areas of mathematics and larger groups of learners.
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📚 How to Cite:
Jefferson A. Castillo , Israel M. Castillo , Delon A. Ching , DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF REFLECTIVE COMPETENCY -BASED WORKBOOK IN IMPROVING NUMERACY SKILLS , Volume 11 , Issue 6, June 2026, EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD) , Pages: 302 - 308 ,